Dr. Rizwan Naseer
Director General/Project Director
Punjab Emergency Service & Emergency Services Academy
(Rescue 1122)


Dr. Rizwan Naseer in his strive for the development of a sustainable and effective infrastructure for Emergency and Disaster Management has established a successful model of the first trained Emergency Service in Pakistan according to international standards in Lahore. He has been able to achieve this as a result of his vast experience in the field of emergency management in Pakistan which includes working as the Provincial and then as National Coordinator for Emergency Preparedness for World Health Organization and Health Ministry of Pakistan, Representative of National Task Force on Revamping of Civil Defence and Emergency Services for Interior Ministry of Pakistan and UNDP Consultant on Emergency Services & Disaster Management.
He was self-motivated to work for prevention and better management of emergencies and disasters after looking at the suffering and mismanagement of trauma victims as an Orthopaedics and Trauma surgeon. After doing Masters in Surgery and advanced training from Canada & America, worked as an Asst. Professor of Orthopaedics & Traumatology at King Edward Medical College, Lahore. In his strive for the development of an effective emergency system he also did his M.B.A., Diploma in Project Management and Ph.D. courses in Safety Promotion .
He not only initiated the reforms related to Emergency Services but also drafted the Emergency Services legislation in consultation with experts from all over the country. He drafted the Disaster Management plans for the Punjab Health Department. His several publications include research papers in local and international journals and books related to First Responders in Pakistan, Principles of First Aid & Disaster Management and a National Report for UNDP on Emergency Response Services in Pakistan.

Helpline Out of Order

PTCL STRIKES ALSO EFFECTS EMERGENCY SERVICE RESCUE 1122

The Emergency Control Room of Murree has been shutdown and could not be made functional due to the Strike of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited, (PTCL). The Service made all possible efforts to activate emergency numbers since July 20th 2008, but due to non availability of the PTCL employees, no repair work has been done so far. Furthermore the problem also affects Rawalpindi control room where 3 PTCL land lines are also out of order.
The Director General, Punjab Emergency Service Rescue 1122, Dr. Rizwan Nasser paid an Emergency Visit to Murree Control Room and said that matter should be resolved soon so that people can utilize the Emergency service well in time. He advised people that if the emergency number 1122 is not available or responded busy they should dial 051-4451122, 051-5385609,051-5385610and 051-58974845 from there mobiles and land line number. Only timely call can save the lives he added
The effecties of different emergencies mainly Road Traffic Accidents, Fire, and other Medical emergency are facing problems during emergency. Officials of Rescue 1122 paid many visit to the PTCL offices and are busy in solving the matter with PTCL in the better interest of the Public.

Pakistan First Trained Emergency Service

Pakistan’s First Trained Emergency Service

RESCUE 1122
Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services












Directorate Of Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services
Health Department, Government Of Punjab

Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services
The Government of the Punjab has established the Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services (Rescue 1122) keeping in view the dismal state of pre-hospital emergency management in the country. This is the first trained Emergency Service established in Pakistan according to the International standards. The Service provides efficient and effective response, rescue, emergency medical treatment and safe transportation to the helpless victims of Accidents, Emergencies and Disasters whom earlier people were afraid to help due to medico-legal reasons.
The Service, initially established in Lahore has been evaluated to be a great success by providing a sense of safety to the citizens of Lahore and it is serving as a model for other governmental and non-governmental organizations. Based on the success of the Service, its expansion to all the major cities of Punjab is underway.

Background
The pre-hospital emergency management of accidents, emergencies and disasters has been long neglected in Pakistan, which was evident from the fact that there are over 95% chances that in case of any emergency, the victims will not get an ambulance for transportation, let alone any timely emergency care by trained professionals. The hospital emergency management does exist but requires significant improvement. Provision of timely help during emergencies is a basic human right and can significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality. This issue becomes even more important when injuries (mostly resulting from road traffic accidents) are the leading cause of death amongst the young, able, earning bread-winners and results in significant socio-economic impact on the society.
Futile efforts were made to improve the disaster management infrastructure by several governments and in this regard many disaster management plans were drafted but never implemented or tested. Learning from the past experience the Government of Punjab decided not to reinforce failures or avoid making haphazard interventions to improve the emergency services. Finally it was decided to launch a new model Emergency Rescue Medical Service, Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services (Rescue 1122).
Objectives
• To establish a system for providing comprehensive emergency response, rescue and management of all accidents, emergencies and disasters.
• Development of Safer Communities through proactive approach towards Emergency Management and Community Awareness & Training.
• To have positive socio-economic impact on the society by reducing morbidity and mortality due to injuries (mostly resulting from road traffic accidents) amongst the young able breadwinners.
Service Established in Record Period of Time:
This model Emergency Service was established in a record period of six months after successfully completing a number of activities listed below:-
• Transparent recruitment of two hundred rescuers
• Curriculum development
• Training of trainers workshop
• Rigorous training of the first batch of Emergency Rescue Paramedics
• International Monitoring of Training
• Acquisition of most appropriate sites for stations
• Construction of Six Emergency Rescue Stations
• Procurement of Wireless Frequencies and Emergency Number 1122 from Pakistan Telecommunication Authority
• Establishment of effective Wireless Communication System
• Establishment of Emergency Control & Command Room and Emergency Response System
• Indigenous designing of state of art Emergency Ambulances and Rescue Vehicles according to International standards
• Development of Software for Call Recording, Emergency Data compilation and Analysis for research and preventive purposes


Structure of the Rescue 1122 Service
The Service has been initially established in Lahore as a pilot project. The Service comprises of six stations located at most appropriate sites to provide swift response to emergencies. The stations are located at Ferozepur Road, Chowk Niaz Baig, Walton, Mughalpura, Yadgar & Shahdara.
The Service started with a staff of around two hundred rigorously trained rescuers working in three shifts. The staff comprises of Emergency Medical Technicians, Rescue Drivers, Computer-Wireless and Telephone Operators, Station Coordinators, Emergency Officers, Emergency Control Officer, Deputy Project Director and is headed by the most experienced and dynamic Project Director. There are fourteen state-of-art indigenously designed Emergency Ambulances and two Rescue Vehicles.
Perfect Location of Stations
Due to strategic selection of sites for Stations the response time of less than seven minutes has been achieved, which is comparable to any international standards. The provision of this kind of a response time with only six stations and fourteen Vehicles for a population of over seven million is a record accomplishment even internationally.
Recruitment of Appropriate Staff
Most appropriate staff of two hundred was recruited for the first batch after scrutiny of over 800 applications. The recruitment process was completed in a record period of seven weeks. The recruits had to go through physical fitness tests, pre-selection screening interviews and then final interviews carried out by a board constituted by the competent authority. The recruitment was subject to successful completion of training. During training a significant number of over ten percent recruits dropped out and the vacant seats were filled by waiting candidates. This transparent recruitment of best possible candidates and rigorous training provided to the recruits has resulted in the success of this exemplary emergency service(Rescue 1122).

The subsequent advertisement for the expansion of the Service, received over 3700 applications for 116 posts, which shows the popularity and success of the Service. The recruitment of Trainers for the Emergency Service Academy is underway.
Curriculum Development
The curriculum and training material was developed and written by Dr. Rizwan Naseer in Urdu so that the recruits could easily understand it. This training material/ book on principles of first aid and emergency management is very simple and easy to understand. The Health Ministry of Pakistan and World Health Organization also accredit this book. These books are also a part of the curriculum of Police all over Pakistan, motorway police, fire services, civil defence and other organizations, so that they can also be trained to manage emergencies in a better way and without causing further harm to the victims.
First Training Course for Emergency Rescue Paramedics
The training of newly recruited staff was a great challenge as there were no trained Emergency Paramedics even in the Emergency departments of teaching hospitals in Pakistan. Therefore, new rescuers had to be recruited and trained to manage emergencies, rescue victims and provide emergency medical treatment to the victims of accidents, emergencies and disasters. Considering the fact that this was the first course for emergency rescue paramedics in Pakistan, international monitoring was important to ensure quality. As a result of the appropriate selection of training institute, rigorous training and international monitoring the rescuers were imparted the best possible quality training in Pakistan to become first trained Emergency Rescue Paramedics in Pakistan. Thus this Project has resulted in the historic beginning of human resource development in the most vital area of emergency management.
After extensive search the Elite Police Training School, Lahore was used for training of the recruits. The instructors of this training institute ensured the physical fitness and discipline amongst the rescuers. The theoretical training and simulations were designed and executed by Dr. Rizwan Naseer (Project Director). In order to ensure the quality of training Dr. Rizwan through personal contacts and efforts arranged for international monitoring by the trainer and monitor from the Asian Disaster Preparedness Centre. He also arranged trainers on honorary basis from Austria, Australia and U.S.A. to come and train rescuers.
Finally the rescuers were also sent to the emergency departments of teaching hospitals in Lahore to obtain hands on experience in managing emergency patients and establishing a rapport with the staff of emergency departments and understand the protocol for smooth delivery of emergency patients.
On Job Specialized Training of Staff
A process from the very start of the Service has been initiated to train specialized teams to deal with special emergencies like Urban Search & Rescue, hazardous material incidents etc. In this regard teams of the staff members has attended specialized hands on training courses arranged and conducted by a special team of instructors from the United States. This provides the staff with the opportunity to learn the latest techniques and skills being used to manage emergencies by the other advanced services in the developed countries.
Emergency Service Academy
For the establishment of a sustainable, efficient and effective training infrastructure, The Government has approved the Emergency Service Academy. In this regard recruitment of Instructors has started and the construction work is underway. WHO-EMRO is positive to provide International Trainers / consultants for training of the faculty of the Emergency Service Academy as trained trainers who could impart this specialized training are deficient in the country. This academy is going to be the first training institute of its kind in Pakistan.
Importance of 1122 Universal Emergency Number
1122, Universal Emergency Number is a Toll Free Number, which is the best possible and shortest emergency number that could be obtained from Pakistan Telecommunication Authority. The reason why 1122 was selected is that it is easy to remember and being the first two digits of the dial pad, the number can be easily dialled even in darkness.
Establishment of Wireless Communication System
An efficient and effective wireless communication system has been set-up after obtaining six frequencies from Pakistan Telecommunication Authority. The system comprises of six towers of appropriate heights and locations, base stations, mobiles and handsets. This system ensures smooth and cost effective method of communication between the emergency stations, vehicles and personnel.


Indigenous Vehicle Fabrication of International Standards
The emergency ambulances have been specially fabricated in Pakistan for the first time. They meet with the international standards and have helped in significant financial saving for the government. An ambulance of similar standards imported from abroad would have cost around five times more. This indigenous fabrication of emergency vehicles also helped in developing this industry in Pakistan and setting the standards for emergency management in Pakistan.




Rescue System

1122, toll free rescue number is accessible round the clock. On receiving emergency call through a software programme, staff at Rescue Control & Command Room activates immediately to help the victims. Speedy communication between computer operator, wireless operator and personnel in Ambulances (Emergency Medical Technician and driver), helps Emergency Service to respond swiftly.
Monitoring of Emergency Calls
Software for the computerized recording of emergency calls has been developed locally at very economical rates. This ensures the quality and for maintaining the records for research and legal purposes. The system has the capability to display the number and address of the caller on the monitor screen and the necessary data about the emergency and disaster can also be entered into the system.

Monitoring of Emergency Vehicles
No organization can work efficiently unless there is an excellent system of supervision and monitoring, especially when the span of management is spread over a wider area. Therefore, in order to effectively monitor and prevent misuse of emergency vehicles they are monitored through a satellite tracking system. The information regarding position, speed, direction, ignition status of any vehicle can be checked through a satellite map. Moreover, the data of any emergency/ incident can be retrieved as and when required.
Quality Assurance of Service
A strict monitoring system has been put in place to ensure the quality of the services provided by Rescue 1122 staff. In order to minimize the chances of error in handling the patients, the SOPs have been defined and practiced. This is the first public service health and emergency organization to aim for quality care certification in Pakistan.
Voluntary Risk Coverage of Staff
The job of Rescuers is a high-risk job since they have to rescue people from collapsed buildings, fires, train accidents, conflict situations and other hazardous emergencies. Considering the risk involved in the job, a system of insurance of all rescuers has been initiated after consultation with the rescuers with a government insurance agency. As a result of this Salary Saving Scheme, the rescuers will also be able to get an amount four times their original saving near their retirement.
Data Compilation and Analysis
A software programme has been developed so that regular compilation of data regarding the number of emergencies, locations and type of emergencies is recorded. Details about road traffic accidents, injuries and other emergencies is regularly recorded on call recording register and forms available in the control room and details about the nature and cause of emergencies is recorded on specially developed Emergency Response Forms during transportation by the field staff. Cluster mapping of all emergencies is also done to identify high-risk areas. Daily, weekly and monthly reports are generated so that the data could be analysed for preventive purposes and for improving the quality of the service. This information will help Rescue 1122 in making Punjab a Safer Province by reducing the disability and deaths due to injuries, which is the leading cause of death amongst the young earning breadwinners of the society.



Performance / Achievements
Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services is playing pivotal role in saving human lives and reducing the rate of morbidity and mortality. Ten-month performance can be viewed as under.
Performance During the Test Run (from 10-10-2004 to 30-08-2005)
• INFORMATION SEEKING CALLS 268546
• FAKE EMERGENCY CALLS 586
• EMERGENCY CALLS RESPONDED 12252
Road Traffic Accidents 5987
Fire 339
Building Collapse 61
Explosions 09
Others (Mostly Medical Emergencies) 5856
Average Responded calls per day 36
Average Response Time 5.9 min
Patients Rescued & Hospitalized 10996
o Dead at Incident Site 194
o Expired 29

Cost Effectiveness of the Project

It is one of the most cost effective projects. A significant saving was made by indigenous fabrication of vehicles within Pakistan. The expenditure of providing first trained efficient and effective Emergency Service, which is a basic right of every citizen and also provides a sense of safety to the citizens of Lahore, is one-fifth the annual budget of the smallest teaching hospital of Punjab.
Exemplary Project for other Services

As a result of the exemplary performance of this model service the other governmental and non-governmental organizations like Edhi, patient transport service and Fire Brigade have been inspired to improve their standards for patient care. The Rescue 1122 Service has been exemplary in motivating such organizations, which in itself shows the success of the project.
International Recognition
The Service has already gained significant recognition and was highly appreciated by the Indian, English and American delegations. The US State Department has also donated specialized rescue equipment worth over 140,000 US dollars, on the basis of excellent performance of Rescue 1122.
Evaluation
This is one of the few projects of the Health Sector to undergo third party evaluation prior to its expansion. The results of the evaluation ordered by the Planning and Development Board of Punjab reveal this Service/ Project to be “a well conceived and excellently implemented project. It is an exemplary project in terms of training, quality care, response and professionalism. It has provided a sense of safety to citizens of Lahore. Its beneficiaries are primarily breadwinners hence it has favorable socio-economic impact.”

Reasons for the Success of Service

• Transparent recruitment of appropriate staff
• Rigorous training according to international standards.
• Procurement of quality equipment and ambulances
• Good Management
• Proper defining of SOPs for operations
• Strict Monitoring
• High level of coordination between different agencies
• Data compilation for Research and Analysis
Future Vision of the Service
• This Emergency Service apart from expanding to all the major cities, would develop a proactive approach towards emergency management, so that the leading cause of death and disability due to injuries amongst the young, able and earning male members of the society could be reduced. This proactive approach towards Emergency Management through proper data collection and taking preventive measures through the Emergency Council will help in establishing safer communities.
• The sustainability of the Service is being ensured by establishing a model Emergency Service Academy for continuous supply of trained human resource required for expansion and refresher courses of the Rescuers to ensure the quality of the Service.
• The model Emergency Service Legislation is also in the final stages of enactment.
• Rescue 1122 aims to be a model Emergency Services for developing countries.





















Our Beneficiaries say

 The response time and professionalism of Rescue 1122 is excellent. Mr. Rizwan Naseer, the project Director of the Punjab Emergency & Ambulance Services is the most experienced person in emergency management in the country.

(Mr. Mushtaq Kiayni Provincial Minister for Public Health Administration)
 It is a worth praising achievement of the Government of Punjab to establish Rescue 1122 Service in Pakistan. My mother was seriously sick when I called Rescue 1122 and its personnel rushed my house within no time. They shifted my mother to Shalimar Hospital efficiently.

(Mr. Mohammed Anwar from Mehmod Boti Lahore.)
 Rescue 1122 is playing important role in saving lives by providing efficient and effective management of injuries (mostly resulting from Road traffic accidents).

(Dr. Abduljabbar from Mumtaz Bakhtawar Hospital)
 Rescue 1122 is a model Emergency Service. Its response time and efficiency in managing accidents and disasters is remarkable

(Dr. M.A Sufi)
 The Rescue 1122 personnel were the first ones to rush to the scene of bomb explosion at Ichhra and shifted the injured to the Services Hospital.

(Mr. Shamsuddin, victim of Bomb explosion at Ichhra, Bhandara Center. Quoted by DAWN 23 September, 2005.)

 Rescue 1122 personnel performed very well in Cylinder blasts incidents at Allama Iqbal Town, Lahore. Their response time was five minutes in the middle of night.

(Daily Pakistan,4 May,2005.)

Special Guide For The Visitors to Pakistan specially Rawalpindi and Islamabad

 


This is the Detail Guide Map of Rawalpindi and Islamabad and also a latest one if you want to visit Rawalpindi or Captital City of Pakistan i.e. Islamabad Please take a copy of this map with you and this will guide you the routes and important locations of Rawalpindi and Islamabad

Best of luck for your Tour to Rawalpindi and Islamabad

Pakistan First Ever Flood Forecasting and Warnning System a Japan Grant Aid Project

Japan Grant Aid Project to Government of Pakistan Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System

INTRODUCTION

This System Maintenance & Operation Manual has been prepared for the system management as one of the soft components, which is closely connected with the hydrological engineering training to be provided in parallel. This manual as described below will apply to the trainings for operation and maintenance of the Flood Forecasting and Warning System.

1. Objectives of the Project

The high-rank goal of the Project of Development of the Lai Nullah River Flood Forecasting & Warning System is “to reduce flood disasters, in particular, to decrease the dead and injured due to floods by improving the flood forecasting accuracy and reinforcing the evacuation order issuing/transmission network in the Metropolitan Area”. Under this high-rank goal, the objectives of this Project is “to secure the sufficient evacuation time by improving the flood forecasting accuracy and to shorten the evacuation time by reinforcing the evacuation order issuing/transmission network in event of flood occurrence.”

1.1 Issue of accurate flood forecasting and warning

Rawalpindi City has established the standard for issuing flood warning to urge the residents for evacuation if the Lai Nullah water level rises to 20 feet from the Lai Nullah bottom at the point of Gawal Mandi Bridge. However, it had been impossible to forecast the water level change after the water level rises to 20 feet because the rainfall observation in the upstream basin was not made. Thus, it had to issue an evacuation order just before or after a flood. In these circumstances, a flood forecasting and warning system has been introduced for issuing faster and more accurate warnings to urge the residents for evacuation. For issuing accurate flood forecasts and warnings by various concerned agencies, it is necessary to timely transmit various types of flood-related information including rainfalls, water levels and flood alert water levels to residents and related agencies.

For further improvement of the flood forecasting accuracy, it is necessary to monitor the relations between rainfall patterns and river water level rises and the basin characteristics. Therefore, the transfer of the hydrological technology including runoff analysis to grasp the relation between the rainfall patterns and river water levels (runoff quantities) has been implemented by different instructors.

1.2 Shortening of time from flood warning detection to evacuation

The present warning issuing standard specifies that warning sirens shall be sounded when the water levels at points in the city rise to 20ft or more from the Lai Nullah bottom. However, the result of calculation of the 25-year probability rainfalls shows that a flood starts in less than 10 minutes after the water level exceeds the warning issuing standard, so that not only the warning but also residents’ evacuation cannot be made timely. Depending upon the rainfall mode, the flood may have already started when the warning is issued. To avoid these problems, it is aimed at building a system which can issue an evacuation order at least 1 to 2 hours before the flood start in order to obtain a sufficient evacuation time after the implementation of the Project by setting the target

*1 Rawalpindi City has established the standard for issuing flood warning to urge the residents for evacuation if the Lai Nullah water level rises to 20 feet from the Lai Nullah bottom at the point of Gawal Mandi Bridge. However, it had been impossible to forecast the water level change after the water level rises to 20 feet because the rainfall observation in the upstream basin was not made.

Organization

The Flood Forecasting and Warning System is developed aiming at the high-rank goal “to reduce flood disasters, in particular, to decrease the dead and injured due to floods by improving the flood forecasting accuracy and reinforcing the evacuation order issuing/transmission network in the Metropolitan Area”. For the effective operation of this Flood forecasting and Warning System, therefore, it is necessary to define the functions and responsibility of each of the related agencies concerned with the operation of this system and to promote the close cooperation and tie-ups between the related agencies.

2.1 Organization in Flood Relief Plan 2006 District Rawalpindi

The flood relief plan 2006 has been issued by the District Coordination Office Rawalpindi. The flood inundation area, the organization and the role of the flood control are specifically set in the flood relief plan. The Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System are not incorporated in this plan. Therefore, close coordination between flood relief plan 2006 and the Flood Forecasting and Warning System is necessary. Specifically, the Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System must be fixed as there are many flood control centre established in the flood relief plan 2006. The review of flood relief plan 2006 is necessary to verify how to incorporate Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System in total plan for flood control in Rawalpindi district.

2.1.1 The establishment of the flood control centre

In accordance with section 3 & 4 of Flood Relief Plan 2006, the task of the flood relief plan 2006 for the Rawalpindi district, the establishment of the following flood control centre is in the planning stage.

Ø The District Flood Control Centre:
The district flood control centre has been established in the District Office in Rawalpindi under the control of the District Officer (Rev). All flood information and related message are collected to the district flood control centre. The District Officer (Rev) selects and disseminates this information to all related organizations immediately. District Officer (Rev) has responsibility for all of the operation and management of the District Flood Control Centre.

Ø TMA Flood Control Centre:
TMA flood control centre is established same as the Rawalpindi district office. This centre is under the command of the District Officer. This centre manages fire fighting and control of evacuation etc.

Ø Local Flood Control Centre
Local Flood Control Centre is established in the Civil Defense Office, Rawalpindi during flood season.

Ø Army Flood Control Centre
The army flood control centre is established in the 111th Independent Infantry Brigade Headquarters during flood season.

Ø The Cantonment Board Flood Control Centre
The Cantonment Board Flood Control Centre is established in Gawal Mandi Fire Station.

2.1.1 The Position of Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System.

Lai Nullah Flood Forecasting and Warning System is roughly divided into (i) the flood forecasting system and (ii) the flood warning system. The flood forecasting system is established in PMD in accordance with the master plan design and the flood warning system is established in TMA in the Rawalpindi district with the consent of related stakeholders. Therefore, it installs the Flood Forecasting and Warning Master Control Centre (hereinafter called FFWMC) is installed in PMD which forecasts flood and shall undertake dissemination of flood information. The Flood warning control centre (hereinafter called FWCC) is installed at TMA Rawal Town, Rawalpindi for prevention against disasters to be controlled through siren warning.

2.2 Functions and Responsibility of Related Agencies

(1) Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD)
At present, Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) is disseminating daily weather forecast, the flood warning, as well as the flood related information through print and electronic media. To improve the accuracy of the flood forecasting information, FFWMC is set up within Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). This Centre will have the functions of preparing flood forecasts by the use of the Flood Forecasting System and transmitting them as flood information to the related agencies. In particular, flood forecasting information will be transmitted to TMA Rawal Town, Rawalpindi (TMA) in a reliable way to promote the faster and reliable warning activity. The flood information will be issued on the approval of Director General of PMD.

(2) TMA Rawalpindi
The FWCC will be set up within TMA Rawalpindi where TMA Flood Control Centre guidance of the Flood Relief Plan 2006 will be established. This centre will issue flood evacuation orders through the Flood Warning System based on the flood warning information transmitted from the FFWMC. The issuance of flood warnings and evacuation orders will be reported to the Executive District Officer (Municipal Services) of the District Coordination Office and enforced with the approval of the said officer. The District Officer (Fire Fighting) of FWCC and the District Officer (Rev) of the District Flood Control Centre will have the responsibility for issuing flood warnings and evacuation orders. The District Flood Control Centre must inform the collected information to the Local Flood Control Centre, Army Flood Control Centre as well as Rawalpindi Cantonment Board Flood Control Centre.

(3) Federal Flood Commission (FCC)
The Federal Flood Commission will mainly undertake the flood monitoring of activities relative to flood control.

(4) Water and Sanitation Agency of RDA (WASA)
The Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) will undertake the flood monitoring while it will support the flood disaster prevention activity under the leadership of the District Flood Control Centre as needed.

2.3 Flood Forecasting & Warning Master Control Centre (FFWMC), PMD

FFWMC is responsible for the following functions:
On behalf of issuing Director General or Chief Meteorologist, PMD has the function of issue of flood forecast to related agencies and mass media in the 24-hour basis during the flood season (July – September every year).
Well trained Whether Forecaster and Telecommunication engineer are in charge of monitoring the information from the meteorological satellites and meteorological radar and the measured water level and rainfall data in the flood season (3 months). If any flood is expected, the senior officer of PMD directly monitors the situation around the clock and prepare the forecast pertaining to Flood.

They are in charge of the following services in the event of flood occurrence:

(1) To operate the rainfall/water-level telemetry system, and collect and store hydrological/meteorological information throughout the year;
(2) To make flood forecasts based on the collected measured data;
(3) To transmit flood forecast information including flood warning to TMA Rawalpindi and FFC through the new system, and release whether Clarence information to TMA.
(4) To receive the operation status on the operation of the Flood Warning System operated by FWCC through phone line even if the operation is cleared/.

PMD is disseminating weather forecast and flood information to related agencies as well as mass media through Fax and telephone by fixed format as usual. In addition, the automatic flood information will be disseminated through the flood forecasting and warning system. Fig.2.2 shows information flow for weather forecasting and flood information.

2.4 Flood warning control centre (FWCC) TMA, Rawalpindi City

The Chief and Sub-Chief of the FWCC are in charge of directing the emergency system and issuing evacuation urging warnings on the 24-hour basis during the flood season (July – September every year). One river engineer shall take charge of monitoring water-level/rainfall data and flood forecasting data for the flood season (3 months). If a flood is forecast, the river engineer shall cooperate with the Chief (or Sub-Chief) of the FWCC in monitoring water-level/rainfall data and flood forecasting data on the 24-hour basis (July – September every year).

According to the Flood Relief Plan 2006, City District Government is obligated to execute the following plans in case of flood occurrence:

· Setup of a flood control centre in TMA (FWCC)
· Quick issue of flood warning order
· Rescue and evacuation
· Relief activities and rehabilitation

Based on the above plans, the FWCC takes charge of the following functions in case of a flood:

(1) To connect to the Web server at the FFWMC at all times and monitor rainfall/water-level data;
(2) To get in the flood standby state if a flood warning is indicated on the flood warning information board;
(3) To make visual observation of the water levels at Kattarian Bridge and Gawal Mandi Bridge;
(4) To report flood information including flood warning, evacuation warning and release orders to the responsible person in charge (Executive District Officer, Municipal Services) of issuing a warning order immediately after receiving such flood information, and to issue a warning order such as flood warning or evacuation order through the Flood Warning System under the responsible person’s (District Officer, Fire Fighting, Rawalpindi) command, taking into consideration the visually observed water-level data at Kattarian Bridge and Gawal Mandi Bridge;
(5) To check the automatically returned information from the Warning Posts and confirm that the flood warning has been issued properly and notify the flood warning to residents through loudspeaker of fire engines and other means such as beat of drums; and
(6) To command flood evacuation activities.

2.5 Federal Flood Commission (FFC)

One flood control planning engineer shall be in charge of monitoring water-level and rainfall data and flood forecasting data for the flood season (3 months). If a flood is foreseen the engineer shall cooperate with other flood control planning personnel to coordinate with the agencies related to flood forecasting and warning activities on the 24-hour basis.
2.6 Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA)

The services of the WASA personnel that are required for operation and maintenance of the facilities are as follows:

One river and sewer engineer shall be in charge of monitoring water level and rainfall data and flood forecasting data for the flood season (3 months). If a flood is foreseen, the engineer shall cooperate with computer engineers to monitor the flood data on the 24-hour basis (July – September every year) and shall request the WASA’s responsible person for flood prevention support on request District Flood Control Centre.

2.7 Responsibilities for Services in Non-Flood Season and Flood Season *

In general, floods used to occur in the rainy monsoon season from July to September in the project area, and scarcely occur during the non-flood season from October to June. Thus, it is unnecessary to operate the Flood Forecasting & Warning System throughout the year. For the efficient operation of the system, the services in the non-flood season include the preparatory activities for possible flood occurrences including analysis and arrangement of measured data, improvement of flood forecasting technology and review of the standard for issuing flood warning orders. The agencies related to the operation of the Flood Forecasting & Warning System will have the following services in the flood and non-flood seasons:


Agency
Services in Flood Season
(July to September every year)
Services in Non-Flood Season (October to June every year)
Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD)
· Rainfall and water-level gauging by telemetry
· Flood forecasting
· Preparation of flood forecast messages
· Issue of flood information (warnings and alerts, evacuation warning and release orders)
· Arrangement and analysis of rainfall and water-level data
· Improvement of flood forecasting accuracy
· Establishment of the (draft) standard for issuing flood forecasts and warnings
Federal Flood Commission (FFC)
· Monitoring of rainfall and water-level data
· Supervising of flood forecasts
· Coordination with related agencies
· Coordination of the works of establishing and improving the (draft) standard for issuing flood forecasts and warnings (joint works of PMD and TMA)
City District Government Rawalpindi (CDG) and
TMA-Rawal Town Rawalpindi (TMA)
· Monitoring of rainfall and water-level data
· Issuing of flood warnings (alerts, evacuation and release orders)
· Establishment of the (draft) standard for issuing flood forecasts and warnings
· Arrangement of flood evacuation warning records
· Installation of warning equipment
Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA)
· Monitoring of rainfall and water-level data and flood forecasts
· Support of flood prevention activities
· Lie Nullah cleaning
· Garbage removal, etc

* Footmark: Non-Flood Season: October – June every year
Flood Season : July – September every year
3. Flow of Flood Information

Flood information is transmitted from FFWMC through new Flood Forecasting and Warning System to the related agencies in the method as described below and depicted in Fig. 3.1.

FFWMC analyzes the real-time rainfall and water-level data collected automatically from the radio telemetry system, and if the rainfall and water levels measured at gauging points exceed preset values, the flood information such as flood pre-alert, alert and evacuation are automatically detected by the FFWS Server respectively.

(1) The processed data is transmitted through the Web Server to each flood monitoring station via wireless LAN. The data is updated whenever the telemetry observation is made and the latest information is transmitted to related agencies all the times.
(2) If a rainfall or water-level value reaches the preset pre-alert, alert or evacuation warning value, a voice or lamp alarm by alert and warning is given from the Warning Information Boards that are installed in FFWMC and in FWCC in order to alert the personnel in charge.
(3) The flood information is recorded in a given format and transmitted through the facsimile to the FWCC and related agencies.
(4) The latest flood conditions are notified by IP telephone.
(5) FFWMC and FWCC will communicate with the flood control centers which are not belonging to the Flood Forecasting and Warning System for Lai Nullah, through ordinal telephone and fax. The transmission format shall follows as existing method.


4. Mechanical System for Flood Forecasting and Warning

4.1 System Description

This Flood Forecasting and Warning System is designed as a total system to execute a series of works ranging from flood forecasting to flood evacuation, which will be operated under the close work cooperation among the related agencies as shown below.

The basic configuration of the entire system includes the equipment necessary for the rainfall/water-level gauging and prediction/forecasting works to be done by PMD, the equipment necessary for issuing evacuation warning orders from CDG/TMA, and the flood monitoring equipment installed at FFC and WASA.

PMD will control the automatic rainfall and water-level gauging by the telemetry sub-systems and make flood predictions based on the telemetry data and the meteorological data from meteorological radar equipment and meteorological observation points. The resulting flood data is transmitted to CDG/TMA and monitoring stations by existing FAX lines or on Web as the flood warning bulletins edited by the Web Server. CDG/TMA is responsible for issuing evacuation warning orders through the warning sub-systems. The Flood Forecasting and Warning System consist of three (3) types of sub-system to transmit flood warnings to related agencies.

(1) Radio telemetry-based rainfall/water-level gauging sub-systems (under the control of PMD). Automatic gauging of rainfall/water-level data is made by radio telemetry equipment.
(2) Data processing and transmission sub-systems (under the control of PMD, TMA, FFC and WASA)
The telemetry data received by PMD is calculated and analyzed to detect the alert rainfall, basin average alert rainfall and water level values, and warning alarms are indicated on the warning information board. The warning information is also automatically transmitted from the Web server through wireless LAN equipment to the warning monitoring systems installed at TMA, FFC and WASA.
(3) Flood warning sub-system (under the control of CDG/TMA)
CDG/TMA determines whether to issue the flood alerts and evacuation warnings based on the flood information transmitted from PMD, and the alert or warning is transmitted from the flood warning sub-system to 10 flood warning posts, at which the alert or warning is issued to residents by siren or broadcasting means. The flood warning sub-system is designed as a type which is manually operated by the operating person after the responsible person of the city district government decides to issue an alert or warning and can check that all the warning posts are normally actuated to transmit the alert or warning.

Station
Function
Organization in charge
1. Master Control Center
PMD, Islamabad
• Flood forecasting data collection
• Data processing
• Dissemination of flood information to related agencies
(Data transmission subsystem
PMD
2. Rainfall Gauging Station
2.1 PMD, Islamabad
Automatic rainfall data observation
(Telemetry subsystem)
PMD
2.2 Saidpur
2.3 Gorla
2.4 Bokla
2.5 RAMC
2.6 Chaklala
3. Water Level Gauging Station
3.1 Kattarian Bridge
Automatic water level data observation
(Telemetry subsystem)
PMD
3.2 Gawal Mandi Bridge
4. Repeater Station
4.1 RAMC Telemetry Repeater
• Repeater function for telemetry
PMD
4.2 RAMC Wireless LAN Repeater
• Repeater function for wireless LAN
5. Monitoring Station
5.1 FFC
Flood information monitoring
(Data transmission subsystem)
FFC
5.2 WASA
Flood information monitoring
(Data transmission subsystem)
WASA
6. Flood warning control centre
TMA Rawalpindi:
- Warning Control & Supervision

- Flood Information Monitoring

Control and supervision of warning system

CDG/TMA
Flood information monitoring
(Data transmission subsystem)
7. Flood Warning Post
7.1 WP-1: TMA Rawalpindi
Flood evacuation warning by motor
siren and loudspeaker
TMA
7.2 WP-2: Christian Colony
7.3 WP-3: Water Treatment adjacent MC
7.4 WP-4: Ratta Amral Bridge
7.5 WP-5: Gunj Mandi Bridge
7.6 WP-6: Pir Wadhai Bridge
7.7 WP-7: Fire Station Pir Wadhai
7.8 Sector IV-B, Khayaban Park
7.9 WP-9: Gawal Mandi Children’s Park
7.10 WP-10: Government Middle School, Dhoke



The telemetry system consists of 6 rainfall gauging stations and 2 water-level gauging stations. The rainfall and water-level data is automatically collected through the RAMC repeater station by the telemetry supervising and control equipment installed at FFWMC. The telemetry supervising and control equipment is capable of automatic observation of measured hydrological data in the intervals of 10 minutes, 30 minutes and one (1) hour.
The rain gauging station is capable of responding to the gauging commands and transmitting the measured data, it has the event-actuated function of transmitting the request for actuation to the telemetry supervising and control equipment automatically at the rainfall start. When the actuation request signal is received at the telemetry supervising and control equipment, the measurement will be started at all the gauging stations.

Pakistan Electric Worker

what a Misery who is responsible for those worker who are just working in order to provide electricity to the people who are facing problems now a dys .

Loadsheeding is the core issue of Pakistan, who provide them safety they are doing this by putting their live on risk. Just on a nominal pay those worker works but who is responsible, if they encounter with some swere accident. Let us think